나치 독일의 강제노동과 전후처리(2020)

책소개

전쟁피해 기금에 관한 우리의 현주소

모두가 전쟁의 참상은 알고 있으나 그 피해자들에 대한 존중과 보상이 제대로 되고 있는가는 확실히 알지 못할 것이다. 막연하게나마 알고 있다하더라도 그 참상을 안타까워하는 사람은 많지만 피해자들의 보상에 대한 관심을 가진 사람은 많지 않다. 일본의 국가와 기업이 저지른 강제동원·강제노동의 피해자에게 독일처럼 재단을 설립하고, 나아가 기금을 만들어 보상을 하는 방안이 한일 양쪽에서 논의되고 있다. 독일의 〈기억·책임·미래〉 기금은 2007년 6월에 생존해 있는 피해자에게 보상금 지급을 완료하였으나 지불에서 끝나는 것이 아니라 전쟁 피해자들에 대한 완전한 책임과 보상을 다하였는가를 살펴봄으로 독일의 피해 국가들에 대한 보상의 현주소와 강제노동의 실체, 국제법과 재판의 사례를 통해 현재 우리나라와 일본이 나아가야할 방향을 살펴본다.

목차

필자서문 4
번역문 14

제1장 독일의 역사인식은 어떻게 진행돼 왔는가?

1. 서론 - 역사인식의 큰 흐름··············································· 31

2. 기억의 말살과 침묵 ························································· 31

3. 드라마 〈홀로코스트〉의 충격·············································· 35

1) TV 역사상 가장 중요한 날············································ 35
2) 〈홀로코스트〉가 가져다 준 역사인식 ······························ 37

4. 바이체커 대통령의 연설과 역사가 논쟁····························· 44

5. 기금의 설립······································································· 48

제2장 강제노동

1. 강제노동의 실태································································ 53

1) 체험을 말하다······························································· 53
2) 강제노동자의 유래························································· 60
3) 출신 국가별 강제노동자 ················································· 64
4) 어린이의 강제노동························································· 82

2. 강제노동이란 무엇인가? ···················································· 84

1) 대규모, 조직적인 강제노동············································· 84
2) 실적에 연결시키는 식량배급·········································· 88
3) 실적에 연결시키는 임금················································· 90
4) 인종 차별에 기초한 계층화············································ 92
5) 사후처리········································································ 93

제3장 국제법과 재판

1. 국제법, 국내법과 강제노동················································ 99

1) 무차별 대량 살육의 시대··············································· 99
2) 국제법········································································· 100
3) 국내법········································································· 109
4) 강제노동자의 사용 목적··············································· 111
5) 기업의 허위································································· 118
6) 여러 기업의 강제노동·················································· 119
7) 나치 범죄란 무엇인가? ················································· 135

2. 뉘른베르크 국제군사재판과 뉘른베르크 계속재판············ 141

1) 뉘른베르크 국제군사재판············································· 142
2) 뉘른베르크 계속재판···················································· 152

제4장 〈기억 · 책임 · 미래〉 기금

1. 독일 전후보상사······························································ 195

1) 제1기 : 보상 문제는 주州가 먼저 추진························ 195
2) 제2기 : 초기 국제협약과 국내용 단일보상법················ 197
3) 제3기 : 동유럽 국가들과의 보상 추진·························· 216
4) 제4기 : 녹색당의 노력과 잊혀진 희생자······················· 217
5) 독자 재판과 탈나치화·················································· 226
6) 제5기 : 〈기억 · 책임 · 미래〉 설립··································· 238

2. 맺으면서·········································································· 334

1) 신청자 210만 명·························································· 334
2) 운동을 계속하는 사람들··············································· 336
3) 반복하지 않기 위해서·················································· 339

에필로그 343

 

저자 소개 

저 : 다무라 미츠아키 (田村光彰)

 

전 호쿠리쿠대(北陸大) 교수
윤봉길 의사와 함께하는 모임 회장
「大東?聖?大碑」철거를 위한 모임 사무국장

주요논저
『統一ドイツの苦?―外?人襲?と共生のはざまで』(技術と人間社, 1997)
『ドイツ二つの過去』(技術と人間社, 1998)
『現代ドイツの社? · 文化を知るための48章』(共著, 明石書店, 2003)
『抵抗ゲオルク·エルザ―と尹奉吉』(三一書房, 2019)

 

역 : 김관원

 

동북아역사재단 연구위원. 대표논저로 「1905년 독도편입 주장의 허구성에 관한 고찰: 일본의 정부견해와 연구동향 분석을 중심으로」 (『영토해양연구』 6, 2013), 『誠心交隣に生きる: 負の?史を超えて』 (공저, 合同フォレスト, 2016), 「1905년 일본제국의 독도편입 배경: 야마자 엔지로와 보호국화 정책을 중심으로」 (『한일군사문화연구』24, 2017), 「일본에서의 전후보상재판과 화해」 (『일본연구논총』5...